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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) - Bermuda (2002)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) z Bermuda (2002)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005)Bermuda (2002)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsBermuda
Administrative divisions - 9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint George's, Sandys, Smith's, Southampton, Warwick
Age structure - 0-14 years: 19.2% (male 6,058; female 6,225)


15-64 years: 69.4% (male 21,950; female 22,442)


65 years and over: 11.4% (male 3,163; female 4,122) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products - bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products
Airports - 1 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 53.3 sq km


land: 53.3 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC about one-third the size of Washington, DC
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Tourism continues to be important to the island's economy, although international business has overtaken it in recent years. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. A referendum on independence was soundly defeated in 1995.
Birth rate - 11.82 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget - revenues: $609.5 million


expenditures: $574.6 million, including capital expenditures of $54.8 million (FY00/01)
Capital - Hamilton
Climate tropical subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter
Coastline 74.1 km 103 km
Constitution - 8 June 1968, amended 1989
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Bermuda


former: Somers Islands
Currency - Bermudian dollar (BMD)
Death rate - 7.49 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external - $145 million (FY99/00)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Consul General Denis Patrick COLEMAN, Jr.


consulate(s) general: Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire DVQ3


mailing address: P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, Department of State, 5300 Hamilton Place, Washington, DC 20520-5300


telephone: [1] (441) 295-1342


FAX: [1] (441) 295-1592, [1] (441) 296-9233
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia closed the surrounding waters to Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity none
Economic aid - recipient - $NA
Economy - overview no economic activity Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, with its economy primarily based on providing financial services for international business and luxury facilities for tourists. The effects of 11 September 2001 have had both positive and negative ramifications for Bermuda. On the positive side, a number of new reinsurance companies have located on the island, contributing to the expansion of an already robust international business sector. On the negative side, Bermuda's already weakening tourism industry - which derives over 80% of its visitors from the US - has been further hit as American tourists have chosen not to travel. Most capital equipment and food must be imported, with the US serving as the primary source of goods, followed by the UK. Bermuda's industrial sector is small, although construction continues to be important. Agriculture is limited, only 6% of the land being arable.
Electricity - consumption - 553.35 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production - 595 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Town Hill 76 m
Environment - current issues NA asbestos disposal; water pollution; preservation of open space; sustainable development
Ethnic groups - black 58%, white 36%, other 6%
Exchange rates - Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar)
Executive branch - chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since NA April 2002)


head of government: Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)


cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
Exports - $51 million (2000)
Exports - commodities - reexports of pharmaceuticals
Exports - partners - EU excluding UK 77.9%, US 9.8%, UK 6.9% (1999)
Fiscal year - 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of Australia is used red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP - purchasing power parity - $2.2 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 1%


industry: 10%


services: 89% (1995 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $34,800 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 2.9% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 32 20 N, 64 45 W
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 consists of about 138 coral islands and islets with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land, reclaimed and otherwise, was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995
Highways - total: 450 km


paved: 450 km


unpaved: 0 km


note: public roads - 209 km; private roads - 241 km (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - $719 million (2000)
Imports - commodities - machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals
Imports - partners - EU excluding UK 35.4%, US 17.8%, UK 15.4%, Russia 14.6% (1999)
Independence - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism, international business, light manufacturing
Infant mortality rate - 9.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 3% (July 2001)
International organization participation - Caricom (observer), CCC, ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 20 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts
Labor force - 37,472 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation - clerical 22%, services 20%, laborers 17%, professional and technical 17%, administrative and managerial 13%, sales 8%, agriculture and fishing 3% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2001)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (55% developed, 45% rural/open space) (1998 est.)
Languages - English (official), Portuguese
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply English law
Legislative branch - bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (an 11-member body appointed by the governor, the premier, and the opposition) and the House of Assembly (40 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last general election held 9 November 1998 (next to be held NA November 2003)


election results: percent of vote by party - PLP 54%, UBP 44%, NLP 1%, independents 1%; seats by party - PLP 26, UBP 14
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 77.3 years


male: 75.21 years


female: 79.27 years (2002 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 98%


male: 98%


female: 99% (1970 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of North Carolina (US)
Map references Southeast Asia North America
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm		 exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 102 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,485,450 GRT/8,782,869 DWT


ships by type: bulk 28, cargo 4, container 16, liquefied gas 6, passenger 3, petroleum tanker 17, refrigerated cargo 16, roll on/roll off 9, short-sea passenger 3


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Croatia 5, Denmark 2, Germany 1, Greece 1, Hong Kong 9, Indonesia 1, Norway 2, Sweden 11, United Kingdom 52, United States 13 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches - no regular indigenous military forces; Bermuda Regiment, Bermuda Police Force, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $4,027,970 (January 2002)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 0.11% (FY00/01)
National holiday - Bermuda Day, 24 May
Nationality - noun: Bermudian(s)


adjective: Bermudian
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards hurricanes (June to November)
Natural resources fish limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism
Net migration rate - 2.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Political parties and leaders - National Liberal Party or NLP [Dessaline WALDRON]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Jennifer SMITH]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Chairman Wayne FURBERT]
Political pressure groups and leaders - Bermuda Employer's Union [Eddie SAINTS]; Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Association or BPSA [leader NA]; Bermuda Union of Teachers [Michael CHARLES]
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2005 est.)		 63,960 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 0.69% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Hamilton, Saint George's, Dockyard
Radio broadcast stations - AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 82,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - non-Anglican Protestant 39%, Anglican 27%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 19%
Sex ratio - at birth: 0.94 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: NA


domestic: modern, fully automatic telephone system


international: 3 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 52,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 7,980 (1996)
Television broadcast stations - 3 (1997)
Terrain low with sand and coral low hills separated by fertile depressions
Total fertility rate - 1.81 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate - 4.5% (1993)
Waterways - none
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